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夜间咖啡馆

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 详细信息
画布油画
70.0 x 89.0厘米
阿尔：1888年9月5-8日
F 463, JH 1575

纽黑文:耶鲁大学艺术博物馆
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夜间咖啡馆 是梵高在阿尔时期创作的名画。这幅画描绘了一个名为Cafe de la Gare的整夜开放的酒馆，该酒馆属于Joseph-Michel Ginoux及他的妻子。

梵高生前经常光顾妓院和声名狼藉的饮酒场所。 Cafe de la Gare隐蔽的位置给了梵高作画的灵感，他在信中对弟弟席奥说：

在我的“夜间咖啡馆”一画中，我试图体现出这里给我的感觉——在这里你可以毁了自己、发疯或者犯罪。所以我试图描绘出在这样一个世俗的公共场所中黑暗的力量。我用柔和的路易斯XV绿，配上孔雀石绿，与黄绿色和刺眼的蓝绿色做对比。所有这一切营造的氛围就像在魔鬼的熔炉里，弥漫着惨白的硫磺。

信件534号
1888年9月9日

画面整体给人一种孤独绝望的感觉。 慵懒的饮酒者与台球桌后面孤寂的店主Joseph-Michel Ginoux，再加上画面倾斜的视角和鲜明的色彩，都使人感到不安。梵高本人把这幅画的基调比作正在发作的震颤谵妄（慢性酒精中毒者突然停饮后出现的急性精神障碍）。(信件534号)

在致席奥的另一封信中，梵高承认这幅画确实使人感到不安，但认为这正是这幅画的成功之处:

"播种"这幅画依旧困扰着我。通常对来我说，像“播种”和这幅“夜间咖啡馆”这类夸张的手法是很残暴丑陋的。然而，当我被一些东西感动后，正如我现在被写陀思妥耶夫斯基的一篇文章打动了，我就会认为只有这类的画才有深意。

信件535号
1888年9月9日

一般来说，梵高只会在自己比较满意的作品中签上他的名字。在这幅画的右下角，梵高写到“夜间咖啡馆，文森特”。

高更，画家，是梵高的朋友，在夜晚的咖啡馆 画完不久后与梵高同住了一段时间。事实上，高更也画了一幅夜间咖啡馆。（高更的版本）两幅画的氛围颇为不同。梵高的版本给人的感觉更多是孤寂和绝望，而高更的版本更活泼一些，画面的重点在Ginoux夫人身上。高更给Emile Bernard的信中写道: “ . . . 这个咖啡馆文森特很喜欢，但我并没有那么喜欢。归根结底我不适合这样的场所和这样的小市民生活。看别人这样生活我觉得不错，但自己总是感到不舒服。”

两幅画不同的风格也许正反映出两位画家不同的性格。高更更加的随和开朗，因此他把咖啡馆画成了一个轻松、喧闹的场所。而梵高由于深受与世隔绝的苦痛与内心挣扎的折磨，把咖啡馆画成了一个令人感到不安的地方。1

对比 . . . .

梵高还画了一幅水彩版的夜间咖啡馆 赠予弟弟席奥（见右侧）。

Click here to the watercolour version of Van Gogh's 'Night Caf?

网站资源 . . . .

在耶鲁大学艺术博物馆欣赏夜间咖啡馆的短片

注释

1. 梵高和高更“夜间咖啡馆”的对比


收藏记录

Owner City Country Date acquired Comments
Johanna van Gogh-Bonger Amsterdam Netherlands

Bernheim-Jeune Art Gallery Paris France April, 1907  
Ivan Morosov Moscow Russia 1908 Acquired at the exhibition of the Golden Fleece, Moscow.
Museum of Modern Art Moscow Russia

Knoedler Art Gallery New York United States
 
Stephen C. Clark New York United States 1933 or 1934  
Yale University Art Gallery New Haven (Conn.) United States 1961 Stephen Carlton Clark bequest.


展览

Year City Country Venue Exhibition Name Start Date End Date No.
1905 Amsterdam Netherlands Stedelijk Museum Tentoonstelling Vincent van Gogh 15 July 1905 1 August 1905 133
1905 Utrecht Netherlands Vereeniging 'Voor de Kunst' Tentoonstelling van schilderijen door Vincent van Gogh 10 September 1905 1 October 1905 43
1906 Rotterdam Netherlands Kunstzalen Oldenzeel Tentoonstelling Vincent van Gogh 26 January 1906 28 February 1906 39
1908 Moscow Russia
Exp. 'Toison d'or'  
  
  
1928 Moscow Russia Museum of Modern Art  
  
  
 81
1934 Chicago United States Art Institute of Chicago A Century of Progress, Paintings and Sculpture 1 June 1934 1 November 1934 312
1934-35 New York United States Museum of Modern Art Modern Work of Art 20 November 1934 20 January 1935 17
1935-36 New York United States Museum of Modern Art Vincent van Gogh 5 November 1935 5 January 1936 34
1936 Philadelphia United States Philadelphia Museum of Art Vincent van Gogh 11 January 1936 10 February 1936 34
1936 Boston United States Museum of Fine Arts Vincent van Gogh 19 February 1936 15 March 1936 34
1936 Cleveland (1) United States Cleveland Museum of Art Vincent van Gogh 25 March 1936 19 April 1936 34
1936 San Francisco United States California Palace of the Legion of Honor Vincent van Gogh 28 April 1936 24 May 1936 34
1936 Kansas City United States William Rockhill Nelson Gallery of Art and Atkins Museum Vincent van Gogh 9 June 1936 10 July 1936 34
1936 Minneapolis United States Minneapolis Institute of Arts Vincent van Gogh 20 July 1936 17 August 1936 34
1936 Chicago United States Art Institute of Chicago Vincent van Gogh 26 August 1936 23 September 1936 34
1936 Detroit United States Detroit Institute of Arts Vincent van Gogh 6 October 1936 28 October 1936 34
1940 New York (2) United States New York World's Fair Masterpieces of Art  
  
 360
1940 Chicago United States Arts Club Origins of Modern Art  
  
 32
1940 New York (1) United States Museum of Modern Art Modern Masters from European and American Collections 26 January 1940 24 March 1940 10
1942 New York United States Paul Rosenberg Vincent van Gogh Masterpieces 5 January 1942 31 January 1942 1
1943 New York (2) United States Wildenstein and Co. The Art and Life of Vincent van Gogh. Loan Exhibition in Aid of American and Dutch War Relief 6 October 1943 7 November 1943 32
1948 New York (1) United States M. Knoedler and Co. Vincent van Gogh: 14 Masterpieces 30 March 1948 17 April 1948 6
1948 Cleveland United States Cleveland Museum of Art Vincent van Gogh 3 November 1948 12 December 1948 11
1949-50 New York United States Metropolitan Museum of Art Vincent van Gogh Paintings and Drawings. A Special Loan Exhibition 21 October 1949 15 January 1950 80a
1950 Chicago United States Art Institute of Chicago Vincent van Gogh Paintings and Drawings. A Special Loan Exhibition 1 February 1950 16 April 1950 80a
1955 New York (3) United States Museum of Modern Art Paintings from Private Collections 31 May 1955 5 September 1955 45
1958 New York (1) United States Metropolitan Museum of Art Paintings from Private Collections, Summer Loan Exhibition 1 July 1958 1 September 1958 65
1959 New York (2) United States Metropolitan Museum of Art Paintings from Private Collections, Summer Loan Exhibition 7 July 1959 6 September 1959 51
1960 New Haven United States Yale University Art Gallery Paintings, Drawings and Sculpture, Collected by Yale Alumni 19 May 1960 26 June 1960 70
1960 New York (2) United States Metropolitan Museum of Art Paintings from Private Collections, Summer Loan Exhibition 6 July 1960 4 September 1960 47
1990 Amsterdam Netherlands Van Gogh Museum Vincent van Gogh. Schilderijen 30 March 1990 29 July 1990 58
1993 Essen Germany Museum Folkwang Morosow und Schtschukin, die Russischen Sammler: Monet bis Picasso 25 June 1993 31 October 1993  
1993-94 Moscow Russia Pushkin Museum Morosow und Schtschukin, die Russischen Sammler: Monet bis Picasso 30 November 1993 30 January 1994  
1994 St. Petersburg Russia Hermitage Morosow und Schtschukin, die Russischen Sammler: Monet bis Picasso 16 February 1994 16 April 1994  
2006 Williamstown, Massachusetts United States Sterling and Francine Clark Art Institute The Clark Brothers Collect: Impressionist and Early Modern Paintings from the Collections of Sterling and Stephen Clark 4 June 2006 4 September 2006 1
2007 New York (2) United States Metropolitan Museum Impressionist and Early Modern Paintings: The Clark Brothers Collect 22 May 2007 19 August 2007 ---
2008-09 New York United States Museum of Modern Art Van Gogh at the Colours of the Night 21 September 2008 5 January 2009 34

(翻译：Lena Cho)
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